Phenolics-Rich Extracts of Dietary Plants as Regulators of Fructose Uptake in Caco-2 Cells via GLUT5 Involvement
Małgorzata Zakłos-Szyda,
Nina Pietrzyk,
Agnieszka Kowalska-Baron,
Adriana Nowak,
Katarzyna Chałaśkiewicz,
Marcin Ratajewski,
Grażyna Budryn,
Maria Koziołkiewicz
Affiliations
Małgorzata Zakłos-Szyda
Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Institute of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 2/22, 90-537 Łódź, Poland
Nina Pietrzyk
Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Institute of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 2/22, 90-537 Łódź, Poland
Agnieszka Kowalska-Baron
Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Institute of Natural Products and Cosmetics, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 2/22, 90-537 Łódź, Poland
Adriana Nowak
Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Lodz University of Technology, Wólczańska 171/173, 90-924 Łódź, Poland
Katarzyna Chałaśkiewicz
Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Institute of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 2/22, 90-537 Łódź, Poland
Marcin Ratajewski
Institute of Medical Biology, Laboratory of Epigenetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tylna 3a, 90-364 Łódź, Poland
Grażyna Budryn
Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Institute of Food Technology and Analysis, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 2/22, 90-537 Łódź, Poland
Maria Koziołkiewicz
Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Institute of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 2/22, 90-537 Łódź, Poland
The latest data link the chronic consumption of large amounts of fructose present in food with the generation of hypertension and disturbances in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, which promote the development of obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes. This effect is possible after fructose is absorbed by the small intestine cells and, to a lesser extent, by hepatocytes. Fructose transport is dependent on proteins from the family of glucose transporters (GLUTs), among which GLUT5 selectively absorbs fructose from the intestine. In this study, we examined the effect of four phenolic-rich extracts obtained from A. graveolens, B. juncea, and M. chamomilla on fructose uptake by Caco-2 cells. Extracts from B. juncea and M. chamomilla most effectively reduced fluorescent fructose analogue (NBDF) accumulation in Caco-2, as well as downregulated GLUT5 protein levels. These preparations were able to decrease the mRNA level of genes encoding transcription factors regulating GLUT5 expression-thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) and carbohydrate-responsive element-binding protein (ChREBP). Active extracts contained large amounts of apigenin and flavonols. The molecular docking simulation suggested that some of identified phenolic constituents can play an important role in the inhibition of GLUT5-mediated fructose transport.
