The distribution of quadratic residues and non-residues in the Goldwasser–Micali type of cryptosystem. II

Abstract

We provide three statistical laws concerning the limit distribution of quadratic residues and quadratic non-residues in ℤ/Nℤ${\mathbb {Z}/N\mathbb {Z}}$, where N=pq${{N= pq}}$ is an RSA modulus used in the Goldwasser–Micali cryptosystem.

Keywords

• quadratic residuosity problem
• goldwasser–micali cryptosystem
• quadratic residues distribution
• 94a60
• 11n64
• 60g50