Effect of Erosive Agents on Surface Characteristics of Nano-Fluorapatite Ceramic: An In-Vitro Study
Navara Tanweer,
Fazal-Ur-Rehman Qazi,
Gotam Das,
Afreen Bilgrami,
Sakeenabi Basha,
Naseer Ahmed,
Hammam Ahmed Bahammam,
Sarah Ahmed Bahammam,
Syed Nahid Basheer,
Ali A. Assiry,
Mohmed Isaqali Karobari,
Abdul Samad Khan,
Artak Heboyan
Affiliations
Navara Tanweer
Department of Dental Materials, Sir Syed Dental College, Karachi 75600, Pakistan
Fazal-Ur-Rehman Qazi
Department of Operative Dentistry, Dr. Ishrat-Ul-Ebad Khan Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi 74200, Pakistan
Gotam Das
Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
Afreen Bilgrami
Department of Dental Materials, Fatimah Jinnah Dental College, Karachi 74900, Pakistan
Sakeenabi Basha
Department of Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Taif University, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
Naseer Ahmed
Prosthodontics Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu 16150, Malaysia
Hammam Ahmed Bahammam
Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 80290, Saudi Arabia
Sarah Ahmed Bahammam
Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Medina 42353, Saudi Arabia
Syed Nahid Basheer
Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
Ali A. Assiry
Preventive Dental Science Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Najran University, Najran 55461, Saudi Arabia
Mohmed Isaqali Karobari
Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences University, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
Abdul Samad Khan
Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Artak Heboyan
Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Stomatology, Yerevan State Medical University after Mkhitar Heratsi, Str. Koryun 2, Yerevan 0025, Armenia
Erosive beverages cause dissolution of natural teeth and intra-oral restorations, resulting in surface characteristic changes, particularly roughness and degradation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the surface roughness and topography of a dental ceramic following immersion in locally available erosive solutions. A total of 160 disc specimens of a nano-fluorapatite type ceramic (12 mm diameter and 2 mm thickness) were fabricated and equally distributed into two groups (n = 80) and then evenly distributed among the following five testing groups (n = 16): lemon juice, citrate buffer solution, 4% acetic acid, soft cola drink, and distilled water which served as a control. The surface roughness (Ra) and topography were evaluated using a profilometer and scanning electron microscope at baseline, 24 h, 96 h, and 168 h respectively. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparisons (p ≤ 0.05). Surface changes were observed upon exposure to all acidic beverages except distilled water. Amongst all immersion media, 4% acetic acid produced the most severe surface roughness across all time periods (i.e., baseline, 24 h, 96 h, and 168 h). A statistically significant difference in the surface roughness values between all immersion media and across all four time intervals was observed. Erosive agents had a negative effect on the surface roughness and topography of the tested ceramic. The surface roughness increased with increased storage time intervals.
