Salivary Calprotectin Levels and Bone Mineral Density in Post-Menopausal Women With and Without Chronic Periodontitis - An Evaluative Study

Abstract

Introduction Menopause is a normal developmental stage in a woman’s life marking the permanent cessation of menstruation. Periodontitis and osteoporosis are noteworthy health concerns in post-menopausal women. Calprotectin is an inflammatory biomarker for precise diagnosis of periodontal disease. Materials and Methods This study was performed to evaluate the variations in salivary calprotectin levels and bone mineral density in post-menopausal women with and without chronic periodontitis. The study included 24 post-menopausal women aged 45-57 years and was divided into group 1 (12 post-menopausal women without chronic periodontitis) and group 2 (12 post-menopausal women with chronic periodontitis). Unstimulated salivary samples, panoramic radiographs and clinical examination were performed. Results The collected samples were combined with CALPRO antibody with horseradish peroxide (HRP) that results in the formation of antigen-antibody complex. Tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) solution was added that turned blue. Colour change was measured at 450nm. A human ELISA kit was used. Data collected were sent for statistical analysis. Discussion There was a statistically significant difference in salivary calprotectin levels between groups 1 and 2 (P = 0.016) and no statistical difference in mean bone mineral density levels between the two groups (P = 0.235). A positive correlation was seen between salivary calprotectin levels and bone mineral density in group 2 (P = 0.013).

Keywords

• bone mineral density
• calprotectin
• menopause
• panoramic mandibular index
• periodontitis