DYNAMOMETRIC EQUIPMENT FOR MEASURING THE COMPONENTS OF CUTTING STRENGTHS WHEN PROCESSING MATERIALS WITH AXIAL TOOLS

Abstract

Objectives. The purpose of the study is to develop dynamometric equipment for measuring the components of cutting forces when processing materials with an axial tool in a dynamic mode.Methods. The study is based on the application of electrical methods using piezoelectric and strain gauge transducers, whose main advantage is the ability to register and record fast-moving dynamic processes.Results. Based on an analysis of existing dynamometers, the necessity of developing a new modern dynamometer device, which would allow the oscillations of the cutting force components to be registered and recorded in dynamic mode, is justified. The advantages of using strain sensors for a dynamometer are described. An analysis of the selected dynamometer design indicated that the sensors for measuring the axial forces and torque are located on one elastic element, which affects the accuracy of their measurement due to their mutual influence. Therefore, it was necessary to place them on different elastic elements. The developed and manufactured dynamometric equipment for carrying out the research work in the field of axial tools for processing materials is presented. The relative measurement error is calculated.Conclusion. The dynamometric equipment makes it possible to record the periodic and quasiperiodic oscillations of two components of the cutting forces without distortion for various tapping, drilling and countersinking processes, occurring at a frequency of up to 1500 Hz in real time mode, and can be used to optimise the cutting parameters. Using the dynamometric equipment, it is possible to register the signals from up to 8 force sensors in real time, amplify signals, transform the signal from analogue to digital, visualise data and print out the results of experimental data. The equipment is suitable for use in research laboratories of machine-building enterprises, universities and other scientific institutions.

Keywords

• measuring sensors for cutting forces
• dynamometers
• processing of holes
• cutting dynamics
• relative dynamometer error
• experimental measurement of cutting force