Thermodynamics at microscales： 3D→2D, 1D and 0D

Abstract

Today, the laws of traditional thermodynamics are facing challenges when science is growing rapidly toward the microscale-world, even quantum hypothesis. In this work, the thermodynamics of nano-confinement and quantum thermodynamics are summarized to illustrate their developments at the microscales.

Keywords

• Thermodynamics
• Confinement
• Quantum scale
• Entropy
• Reduced dimension