DHA藻油纳米脂质体粉末制备：壁材对储存稳定性、 体外消化及细胞摄取的影响Powdered-nanoliposome loaded with DHA algal oil: effects of wall materials on storage stability, in vitro digestibility and cellular uptake

Abstract

为开发具有更高储存稳定性和生物利用度的负载DHA藻油的脂质体粉末，以DHA藻油为原料，首先利用大豆卵磷脂制备负载DHA藻油的纳米脂质体悬液，继而分别使用3种壁材(麦芽糊精、羟丙基-β-环糊精及二者质量比为1∶ 1的混合物)对脂质体悬液包埋后进行喷雾干燥，制得DHA藻油纳米脂质体粉末，最后比较了3种壁材对脂质体粉末氧化稳定性、体外消化和细胞摄取的影响。结果表明：DHA藻油脂质体悬液制备的最佳条件为大豆卵磷脂与DHA藻油质量比3∶ 1、超声时间1 min、旋蒸温度45 ℃、PBS的pH 7.0、PBS浓度0.02 mol/L、PBS用量10 mL（大豆卵磷脂与藻油总质量0.4 g时），在此条件下DHA藻油脂质体悬液的包封率为88.01%；3种脂质体粉末粒径范围在（253.87±1.96）~（408.80±1.23）nm之间，Zeta电位在 （- 40.80±0.78）~（-34.87±0.25） mV之间；羟丙基-β-环糊精与麦芽糊精混合物为壁材时，DHA藻油纳米脂质体粉末具有更高的氧化稳定性、更低的水分含量和更慢的脂肪酸体外消化释放率； 3种脂质体粉末使Caco-2细胞中SLC27 A4、FABP4和CD36基因表达增加，说明脂质体粉末均具有良好的细胞摄取。综上，基于大豆卵磷脂制备的DHA藻油纳米脂质体及喷雾干燥技术有效改善了DHA藻油的氧化稳定性。In order to develop DHA algal oil-loaded liposome powder with higher storage stability and bioavailability, the liposome suspension loaded with DHA algal oil was prepared by using DHA algal oil and soy lecithin as raw materials, and then three kinds of wall materials (maltodextrin, hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and their mixture with a mass ratio of 1∶ 1) were used to embed the liposome suspension and spray drying to obtain powdered-nanoliposome loaded with DHA algal oil. In addition, the effects of the three wall materials on the oxidative stability, in vitro digestibility and cellular uptake of the liposome powder were compared. The results showed that the optimal conditions for the preparation of DHA algal liposome suspension were as follows: mass ratio of soy lecithin to algal oil 3∶ 1, ultrasonic time 1 min, evaporation temperature 45 ℃, PBS pH 7.0, PBS concentration 0.02 mol/L, PBS dosage 10 mL (mass of soy lecithin and DHA algal oil 0.4 g). Under the optimal conditions, the encapsulation rate of DHA algal oil liposome suspension was 8801%. The particle size range of the three liposome powders was between (253.87±1.96) - (408.80±1.23) nm, and the Zeta potential was (-40.80±0.78)-(-34.87±0.25) mV. When the mixture of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and maltodextrin was used as wall material, powdered-nanoliposome loaded with DHA algal oil had higher oxidation stability, lower water content and slower in vitro digestion release rate of fatty acids. The three liposome powder increased the expression of SLC27 A4, FABP4 and CD36 genes in Caco-2 cells, indicating that the liposome powders had good cell uptake. In conclusion, DHA algal oil nanoliposomes prepared based on soy lecithin and spray drying technology can effectively improve the oxidative stability of DHA algal oil.

Keywords

• dha；纳米脂质体；喷雾干燥；稳定性；消化；细胞摄取
• dha; nanoliposome; spray drying; stability; digestion; cellular uptake