Jurnal Anestesi Perioperatif (Apr 2013)
Penatalaksanaan Anestesi pada Pasien dengan Sick Sinus Syndrome yang Menjalani Laparotomi Ec Perforasi Gaster
Abstract
SA node dysfunction, or known as Sick Sinus Syndrome is the common cause of disrythmia and can be caused by intrinsic and extrinsic factors of the SA node. The diagnose performed by the occurrence of bradi- takhikardia episode and the clinical symptoms, could be syncope, palpitation, or maybe asymptomatic. Some of the literature defined that the perioperative management of sick sinus syndrome is preoperative insertion of pacemaker (transcutaneal or transvenous pacing). A 75 years old man underwent laparotomy with diffuse peritonitis caused by gastric perforation. In preoperative clinical evaluation the patients revealed full awake ( compos mentis), with history of uncontrolled hypertension. In physical exammination a severe bradicardia was found with pulse of 31x/minute, and the blood pressure was 190/100 mmHg. In this rural hospital there was no fascility to insert the pace-maker. The organ perfusion was considered to be optimal from clinical evaluation ( proved by the wakefullness, SpO2 99%, and diuresis 1cc/kgBW after optimalization ). The chest X’ray showed a cardiomegali without the sign of pulmonary congestion. The laboratory test were within normal limit including the renal function test ( creatinin; 0,97 mg/dl, and ureum 82,6 mg/dl). We decided to perform general anesthesia in this procedure. Before the induction while patient still awake, fentanyl 2µg/kgBW was given intravenously. Fifteen menue after fentanyl administration induction of anesthesia performed and initiated with propofol intravenous injection slowly until patients felt asleep, than intubated after muscle relaxant intravenous reached the onset After intubation the pulse / heart rate of patients rose to 44 – 90x/minute. While the pulse was 90/ minute the heart rythm of the patients became irregular, a multifocal ventricular extra systole occured, and it was reversible when the heart rate back to 44x/ minute. We decided to maintain the heart rate between 35 – 40dmitted to the iCU, and after 2 days in the ICU patients was transfered to the ward, and can be dischared home after 8 days.
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