Jurnal Manusia dan Lingkungan (Oct 2014)
PENGEMBANGAN ENERGI TERBARUKAN MELALUI EVALUASI PROGRAM KONVERSI MINYAK TANAH KE LPG DI PULAU GILI RAJA-SUMENEP (Developing Renewable Energy Through An Evaluation for A Program of Kerosene Conversion to LPG in Gili Raja Island - Sumenep)
Abstract
ABSTRAK Penelitian ini mengevaluasi program konversi minyak tanah ke Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) pada kelompok sasaran di pulau Gili Raja kabupaten Sumenep Jawa Timur. Kajian sebelumnya terhadap program ini masih bersifat formatif dengan fokus efisiensi dan efektivitas implementasi. Dengan menggunakan metode Minimum Evaluation Procedure (MEP) penelitian ini mempertanyakan implementasi program secara runtut, mulai output, outcome sampai impact. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif penelitian ini dapat mendeskripsikan konteks dan setting secara alamiah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya pungutan dalam proses distribusi paket program, rendahnya akses atau penggunaan paket program serta tidak adanya dampak program. Selain itu, ditemukan adanya potensi lokal berupa kotoran ternak yang dapat dikembangkan menjadi sumber daya energi terbarukan. Berdasarkan hal itu, disarankan sebuah program dapat dikembangkan secara asimetris sesuai dengan kondisi lokasi dan kelompok sasaran, terjadinya komunikasi intensif antara pelaksana program dengan kelompok sasaran serta stakeholders lainnya. Berdasarkan potensi kelompok sasaran di pulau Gili Raja, hendaknya dikembangkan kebijakan energi alternatif biogas untuk memenuhi kebutuhan energi masyarakat serta mendukung pencapaian tujuan kebijakan energi nasional. ABSTRACT The purpose of this research is to evaluate the conversion programfrom kerosene to Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) on a target group in Gili Raja island of SumenepMunicipal, East Java. Previous study on this program was quite formative one and focusing on the efficiency and the effectiveness of the program implementation. In addition, by applying Minimum Evaluation Procedure’s (MEP) method, this research questioned the implementation of the program consecutively from the output, the outcome as well as the impact. Furthermore, through a qualitative approach, this research will be able to describe context and setting naturally. Result of the research shows that there is illegal fees (levies) in the process of distributing the program package, also the limited access or the low utilization of the program package, as well as the non-existing evidence of the program’s impact. Furthermore, it is found a local potential in the form of renewable energy that is generated from livestock’s feces. Hence, it is recommended to establish a program, asymmetrically, in accordance with the local condition and the target group that ensures the occurrence of an intensive communication amongst program implementer, target group, and other stakeholders. Moreover, based on the potency of the target group of Gili Raja, an alternative policy on renewable energy should be developed in order to fulfill the need of energy for Gili Raja’s people, as well as to support the achievement of the National energy policy.
Keywords
