Histomorphological Study of the Endometrium in Response to Insulin Resistance Induced by High Energy Diets in Swiss Albino Mice

Abstract

Introduction: The morphology of endometrium is continuously influenced by hormones in each menstrual cycle. In addition to this, metabolic syndrome such as obesity and insulin resistance affects the morphology of endometrium through elevated estrogen and insulin levels. Aim: To study the histomorphological effects in the endometrium due to insulin resistance through high energy diets in swiss albino mice. Materials and Methods: Thirty six swiss albino mice were randomly divided into control, high fat diet and high fructose diet groups with 12 animals in each group. The animals were fed respective diets and the study was carried out for 12 weeks. After the study period the blood was collected from the animals in the retro orbital sinus under general anaesthesia and animals were sacrificed by the administration of ether. Serum was separated in centrifuge and stored at -20ºC for the analysis of glucose and insulin levels. Uterus was removed and kept in neutral buffered formalin for tissue processing. Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA–IR) was calculated to assess the insulin resistance. Results: The glucose, insulin and HOMA–IR levels were higher in high fat and high fructose diet groups. There was complex atypical hyperplasia with glandular crowding in the endometrium of high fat diet and high fructose diet animals. Conclusion: The present study concludes the positive role of metabolic syndromes such as insulin resistance in the development of preneoplastic lesions in the endometrium. If the condition persists for a long time it can progress into endometrial carcinoma.

Keywords

• complex atypical hyperplasia
• endometrial carcinoma
• glandular proliferation
• metabolic syndrome
• obesity