Frontiers in Immunology (Jun 2023)
Case Report: Chronic hepatitis E virus Infection in an individual without evidence for immune deficiency
- Dong Ying,
- Wenxia Niu,
- Yanling Chen,
- Yingbin Wang,
- Weikun Tian,
- Xiaoping Zhang,
- Chang Liu,
- Siling Wang,
- Zihao Chen,
- Yajie Lin,
- Shaoqi Guo,
- Zihao Yu,
- Xiuting Chen,
- Mujin Fang,
- Mujin Fang,
- Hongsheng Qiang,
- Yifan Yin,
- Zimin Tang,
- Zimin Tang,
- Zizheng Zheng,
- Lijuan Fu,
- Lijuan Fu,
- Ningshao Xia,
- Ningshao Xia
Affiliations
- Dong Ying
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Wenxia Niu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Yanling Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Yingbin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Weikun Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Xiaoping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Siling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Zihao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Yajie Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Shaoqi Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Zihao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Xiuting Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Mujin Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Mujin Fang
- National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Hongsheng Qiang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Yifan Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Zimin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Zimin Tang
- National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Zizheng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Lijuan Fu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Lijuan Fu
- Xiamen Quality Control Center of Infectious Diseases, Xiamen, China
- Ningshao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Ningshao Xia
- National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1183859
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 14
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection occurs mainly in immunosuppressed populations. We describe an investigation of chronic HEV infection of genotype 3a in an individual without evidence for immune deficiency who presented hepatitis with significant HEV viremia and viral shedding. We monitored HEV RNA in plasma and stools, and assessed anti-HEV specific immune responses. The patient was without apparent immunodeficiency based on quantified results of white blood cell, lymphocyte, neutrophilic granulocyte, CD3+ T cell, CD4+ T cell, and CD8+ T cell counts and CD4/CD8 ratio, as well as total serum IgG, IgM, and IgA, which were in the normal range. Despite HEV specific cellular response and strong humoral immunity being observed, viral shedding persisted up to 109 IU/mL. After treatment with ribavirin combined with interferon, the indicators of liver function in the patient returned to normal, accompanied by complete suppression and clearance of HEV. These results indicate that HEV chronicity can also occur in individuals without evidence of immunodeficiency.
Keywords
