The First Report of <i>mcr-1</i>-Carrying <i>Escherichia coli</i> Originating from Animals in Serbia
Dušan Mišić,
Ferenc Kiskaroly,
Michael P. Szostak,
Adriana Cabal,
Werner Ruppitsch,
Tanja Bernreiter-Hofer,
Viktoria Milovanovic,
Andrea T. Feßler,
Franz Allerberger,
Joachim Spergser,
Elke Müller,
Stefan Schwarz,
Sascha D. Braun,
Stefan Monecke,
Ralf Ehricht,
Maciej Korus,
Damir Benković,
Malgorzata Korzeniowska,
Igor Loncaric
Affiliations
Dušan Mišić
Department of Functional Food Products Development, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
Ferenc Kiskaroly
Department of Bacteriology, Veterinary Specialistic Institute “Subotica”, 24000 Subotica, Serbia
Michael P. Szostak
Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1010 Vienna, Austria
Adriana Cabal
Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, 1090 Vienna, Austria
Werner Ruppitsch
Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, 1090 Vienna, Austria
Tanja Bernreiter-Hofer
Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1010 Vienna, Austria
Viktoria Milovanovic
Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1010 Vienna, Austria
Andrea T. Feßler
Centre for Infection Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Microbiology and Epizootics, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany
Franz Allerberger
Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, 1090 Vienna, Austria
Joachim Spergser
Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1010 Vienna, Austria
Elke Müller
Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), 07745 Jena, Germany
Stefan Schwarz
Centre for Infection Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Microbiology and Epizootics, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany
Sascha D. Braun
Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), 07745 Jena, Germany
Stefan Monecke
Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), 07745 Jena, Germany
Ralf Ehricht
Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), 07745 Jena, Germany
Maciej Korus
Department of Functional Food Products Development, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
Damir Benković
Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Veterinary Specialized Institute “Sombor”, 25000 Sombor, Serbia
Malgorzata Korzeniowska
Department of Functional Food Products Development, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
Igor Loncaric
Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1010 Vienna, Austria
The aim of this study was continuous monitoring of the presence of mcr-1 to mcr-5 genes in Enterobacterales isolated from cattle, pigs, and domestic poultry at intensive breeding facilities in Northern Vojvodina, Serbia, from 1 January 1 to 1 October 2020. Out of 2167 examined samples, mcr-1 was observed in five E. coli isolates originating from healthy turkeys. Four isolates belonged to the phylogenetic group B1, and one isolate to the phylogenetic group A. Detected E. coli serogenotypes (somatic O and flagellar H antigens) were O8:H25 and O29:H25. Core-genome multi-locus sequence typing (cgMLST) revealed three ST58 isolates clustering together in Clonal Complex (CC) 155 and two singletons of ST641-CC86 and ST410-CC23, respectively. Clonotyping revealed CH4-32 (n = 3), CH6-53 (n = 1) and CH4-24 (n = 1). In all isolates, the mcr-1 gene was located on a large IncX4 replicon type plasmid. Eight virulence-associated genes (VAGs) typical of avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) (fyuA, fimH, hlyF, iss, ompT, sitA, traT, iroN) were detected in four isolates. These isolates were investigated for susceptibility to four biocides and revealed MIC values of 0.125% for glutardialdehyde, of 0.00003–0.00006% for chlorohexidine, of 4–6% for isopropanol and of 0.001–0.002% for benzalkonium chloride. All obtained MIC values of the tested biocides were comparable to the reference strain, with no indication of possible resistance. This is the first report of mcr-1.1-carrying E. coli from Serbia. Although only samples from turkeys were mcr-positive in this study, continuous monitoring of livestock samples is advised to prevent a spill-over from animals to humans.
