PREGNANCY CONSEQUENCES IN DIET CONTROLLED MILD GESTATIONAL HYPERGLYCEMIA

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background: The evidence based screening and management of gestational diabetes mellitus has continued to increase over the past several years. Therefore, our study is aimed to observe fetal and maternal outcomes in diet controlled mild gestational hyperglycemic patients and to compare them with normal controls. Methods: After approval from IRB, 25 healthy females were enrolled as control (GROUP A) from antenatal clinic. While 31 mildly hyperglycemic females were enrolled from diabetic antenatal clinic, with RBS between 126-130 mg/dl or deranged fasting sugar level (GROUP B).They were educated for strict diet controlled nutritional therapy along with 30 minutes of walk thrice weekly. All patients were followed in antenatal clinics until term. Feto-maternal outcomes were tabulated for 25/31 females who completed the study, on SPSS 16. Result: Patients were equally matching in height and weight in both groups. Fetal weight was significantly more in group B. Though non-significant but numerically more babies were delivered after 37 weeks in group B. At term there was higher FBS and HbA1C with significant number of surgical deliveries in group B than group A. HbA1C was significantly more in group B from enrollment towards term but was still less than 6%. Conclusion: Mild hyperglycemic females on diet control therapy had significantly higher FBS and HbA1C levels at term, with increased fetal weight and percentage of cesarean deliveries in comparison to normal healthy controls.