The effects of synthetic orally administrated insulin nanoparticles in comparison to injectable insulin on the renal function markers of type 1- diabetic rats

Abstract

Objective(s): Injectable insulin is the most widely used therapy in patients with type 1 diabetes which has several disadvantages. The present study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy of injectable insulin on diabetes mellitus-related complications in comparison to orally encapsulated insulin nanoparticles.Materials and Methods: This study involved 42 Wistar rats separated into 5 groups, including control (C), diabetic control (D), diabetic receiving regular insulin (INS), diabetic receiving encapsulated insulin nanoparticle (INP), and diabetic receiving chitosan for two months. Biochemical parameters in serum and urine were measured using spectrophotometric or ELISA methods. mRNA levels of kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1) and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) were evaluated using quantitative PCR. Results: There were no significant differences between the two forms of insulin in controlling the glycemic condition (P-value>0.05), but oral INP was more effective in correcting diabetic dyslipidemia in comparison to injectable insulin (P-valueConclusion: Our results suggested that oral INP is more effective than injectable insulin in modulation of urine and serum diabetic-related parameters.

Keywords

• chitosan
• diabetes mellitus
• insulin nanoparticle
• kidney injury molecule 1
• neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin protein