Open Access Emergency Medicine (Apr 2023)
Immunomodulation Effect of Convalescent Plasma Therapy in Severe – Critical COVID-19 Patients
Abstract
Munawaroh Fitriah,1 Aditea Etnawati Putri,1 Bambang Pujo Semedi,2 Atika Atika,3 Betty Agustina Tambunan1 1Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga – Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia; 2Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga – Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia; 3Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, IndonesiaCorrespondence: Betty Agustina Tambunan, Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga – Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Jl. Mayjend Prof. Dr. Moestopo No. 6-8, Airlangga, Gubeng, Surabaya, East Java, 60286, Indonesia, Tel +6231-5023865, Email [email protected]: Convalescent plasma therapy (CPT) is an alternative therapy for managing COVID-19, but its use is still controversial.Objective: Analyzing the effectiveness of CPT in modulating immune responses based on SARS-COV-2 anti-spike protein receptor-binding domain (s-RBD) IgG, inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and IL-4), and mortality in severe-critical COVID-19 patients.Methods: This study was an observational analytical with a prospective cohort design. The number of participants was 39 patients from June to December 2020. The participants received CPT and was tested for blood analysis such as IL-4, IL-6 and s-RBD IgG. The data were taken a day before CPT, 1st day, 2nd day, and 7th day after CPT. The analysis included Friedman, Pearson correlation, and Mann–Whitney test which is significant if p 0.05). No significant correlation was also found between increased s-RBD IgG levels, IL-4 too, and decreased IL-6 after CPT therapy between deceased and alive patients, both in 1st, 2nd, and 7th days (p > 0.05).Conclusion: No correlation between the increase in s-RBD IgG levels and changes in IL-4 and IL-6 levels. Changes in s-RBD IgG, IL-4, and IL-6 levels are not associated with mortality in severe-critical COVID-19 degree post CPT recipients.Keywords: convalescent plasma, COVID-19, infectious disease, s-RBD
