Very High Cycle Fatigue Behavior of Austenitic Stainless Steels with Different Surface Morphologies

Abstract

The fatigue behavior of the two austenitic stainless steels AISI 904L and AISI 347 with different surface morphologies, (i) conventionally turned and finally polished, (ii) cryogenic turned using CO2 snow, as well as (iii) cryogenic turned and finally polished, was investigated using an ultrasonic fatigue testing system up to the very high cycle fatigue regime using an ultrasonic fatigue testing system. The AISI 904L is stable against deformation-induced phase formation while the AISI 347 is in the metastable state and shows martensite formation induced by cryogenic turning as well as mechanical loading. For the detailed characterization of the surface morphology, confocal microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction methods were used. The specimens from stable austenite failed in the high cycle fatigue and very high cycle fatigue regime. Opposed to this, the metastable austenite achieved true fatigue limits up to load cycle N = 1 × 109 and failed only in the high cycle fatigue regime. Furthermore, due to surface modification, an increase of fatigue strength of metastable AISI 347 was observed.

Keywords

• austenitic stainless steels
• metastability
• surface morphology
• VHCF