Yield and Quality of Winter Jujube under Different Fertilizer Applications: A Field Investigation in the Yellow River Delta
Yanpeng Zhang,
Hui Yu,
Haiyan Yao,
Tingting Deng,
Kuilin Yin,
Jingtao Liu,
Zhenhua Wang,
Jikun Xu,
Wenjun Xie,
Zaiwang Zhang
Affiliations
Yanpeng Zhang
School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China
Hui Yu
School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China
Haiyan Yao
Agro-Tech Extension and Service Centre of Wudi County, Binzhou 251900, China
Tingting Deng
Agro-Tech Extension and Service Centre of Yangxin County, Binzhou 251800, China
Kuilin Yin
Institute of Winter Jujube Research of Zhanhua District, Binzhou City, Binzhou 256803, China
Jingtao Liu
Agro-Tech Extension and Service Centre of Binzhou City, Binzhou 256600, China
Zhenhua Wang
Agro-Tech Extension and Service Centre of Binzhou City, Binzhou 256600, China
Jikun Xu
Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Ecological Fragile Belt of Yellow River Delta, School of Biological & Environmental Engineering, Binzhou University, Binzhou 256600, China
Wenjun Xie
School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China
Zaiwang Zhang
Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Ecological Fragile Belt of Yellow River Delta, School of Biological & Environmental Engineering, Binzhou University, Binzhou 256600, China
Winter jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill. cv. Dongzao) is highly popular due to its attractive taste and flavor of fruits. However, its cultivation is facing a serious obstacle for the substantial decrease in fruit soluble solids contents. In this study, four commonly-used fertilization types, including organic manure application (OM), combined application of manure and NPK fertilizer (OC), NPK fertilizer application at high rate (HC) and NPK fertilizer application at low rate (LC) were selected to investigate their effects on soil and fruit properties. Results showed that fertilization influenced soil organic matter (SOM) and NPK contents. Fruit yield decreased as HC (3.37tha−1) > OC (2.81tha−1) > OM (2.14tha−1) > LC (1.92tha−1).Total soluble solids (TSS), protein contents, and the ratio of TSS to titratable acid (TA) were highest in OM, followed by OC, LC and HC. TSS and TSS/TA ratio in OM were 23.0% and 27.0% higher than those in HC. Fruit yield was significantly positively correlated with soil available N, vegetative shoot leaf N, and total topsoil P contents. TSS and TSS/TA ratio both significantly positively correlated with SOM of topsoil and leaf P contents. Combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers should be the optimal mode for winter jujube production.
