Influence of Nanomaterials and Other Factors on Biohydrogen Production Rates in Microbial Electrolysis Cells—A Review
Nabil. K. Abd-Elrahman,
Nuha Al-Harbi,
Yas Al-Hadeethi,
Adel Bandar Alruqi,
Hiba Mohammed,
Ahmad Umar,
Sheikh Akbar
Affiliations
Nabil. K. Abd-Elrahman
Soil Fertility and Microbiology Department, Desert Research Center, El-Matareya, Cairo 11753, Egypt
Nuha Al-Harbi
Department of Physics, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm AL-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
Yas Al-Hadeethi
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
Adel Bandar Alruqi
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
Hiba Mohammed
Fondazione Novara Sviluppo, 28100 Novara, Italy
Ahmad Umar
Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts, Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices (PCSED), Najran University, Najran 11001, Saudi Arabia
Sheikh Akbar
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
Microbial Electrolysis Cells (MECs) are one of the bioreactors that have been used to produce bio-hydrogen by biological methods. The objective of this comprehensive review is to study the effects of MEC configuration (single-chamber and double-chamber), electrode materials (anode and cathode), substrates (sodium acetate, glucose, glycerol, domestic wastewater and industrial wastewater), pH, temperature, applied voltage and nanomaterials at maximum bio-hydrogen production rates (Bio-HPR). The obtained results were summarized based on the use of nanomaterials as electrodes, substrates, pH, temperature, applied voltage, Bio-HPR, columbic efficiency (CE) and cathode bio-hydrogen recovery (C Bio-HR). At the end of this review, future challenges for improving bio-hydrogen production in the MEC are also discussed.
