Estimating the percentage effects of Bemacid red dye adsorption dynamic parameters using a full factorial design approach

Abstract

In this study, we investigate the removal of Bemacid red dye using brewery waste in a packed bed column. We examined the effects of bed height, inlet flow, and inlet dye concentration on the column dynamics of adsorption. To assess the favorable column dynamics, we analyzed the breakthrough curves (BTCs). We also used the Clark, Thomas, Bed Depth Service Time (BDST), and Adams-Bohart models to determine the kinetic constants of the adsorption column from the obtained results of the dynamic studies curve of the BTCs. Analysis of the BTC studies revealed that both the BTCs time and worn-out time values increased with an increase in bed height and inlet Bemacid red dye dosage but decreased with an increase in the inlet flow rate. The results further showed that Thomas’ model was the most suitable for describing the entire BTCs (R2 > 0.93). Using a full factorial design to estimate the percentage effects of cited dynamic parameters, we found that these parameters accounted for 98% of the adsorption capacity. This methodology for estimation provides crucial information on the effects of parameters and the extent to which the adsorption capacity depends on the studied parameters. HIGHLIGHTS Brewery wastes are an efficient adsorbent for the removal of Bemacid red dye.; The increase in the bed height of the column enhances the efficiency of the adsorption column.; An increase in the initial dye concentration and flow rate weakens the efficiency of the adsorption column.; Operational factors have an 89% dependency rate on the adsorption capacity.; The experimental data are in agreement with the estimated data obtained through the full factorial design.;

Keywords

• adsorption
• design expert
• dynamics models
• full factorial design
• low-cost biosorbent
• packed bed column