Entre sentiment et raison : l’éducation morale et civique à l’école laïque dans la République en France (1870-1914)
Abstract
The secular school instituted by the « Ferry Laws » has the vocation of cultivating the children to be citizens of the Republic that would be future agents of universal manhood suffrage. In fact, the democratic construction is closely related to the « moral and civic instruction ». The religion is excluded from the public school which henceforth has become characterized by the coalition between science and democracy. Morality, mixed with religion for a long time, is to be secularized from both the theoretical and practical perspectives. The teachers are responsible for the moral instruction, and they not only employ new specialized manuals but also the famous Tour de la France par deux enfants as the main materials to impart the knowledge. All in all, we are willing to explore is that whether Peguy’s « black hussars » contributes to the dissemination of « secular religions », which would be the Homeland and the Certificate of Studies, the breviary of a promised land of Universal Education.
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