Gender gap in access to multi-sectoral resources: The example of Kazakhstan

Abstract

In recent decades, sustainable development has become a crucial global agenda. Equal access to resources fosters an economic model aimed at reducing ecological risks and conserving natural resources while supporting economic growth. However, disparities in resource distribution between social groups lead to socio-economic inequalities and conflicts, posing national and economic security threats, particularly affecting women and children. The research methodology includes conducting a literature review and collecting primary data. The literature review addresses gender differences in providing natural, social, economic, and digital resources. A literature review showed that women living in rural areas are at risk for security. The second part of the methodology was a description of the survey of respondents (N=543). The survey included a Likert scale, and the target group was women living in various regions in rural Kazakhstan. The survey revealed that the most significant problems are related to the digital provision of villages. Infrastructure requires financial investments, which will ultimately lead to a reduction in inequality in access to resources and will contribute to the development of the countries of Central Asia.