Failed endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair due to Mycobacterium bovis infection following intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin therapy

Abstract

A mycotic aneurysm after intravesical instillation of bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) for early-stage bladder cancer is a rare, but life-threatening, complication. In the present report, we have described the case of a patient who had undergone endovascular aneurysm repair for a rapidly growing saccular abdominal aortic aneurysm after BCG therapy. Three months after endovascular aneurysm repair, the patient had developed an abscess that required open surgery. Cultures from a blood sample and the abscess revealed Mycobacterium bovis BCG. A mycotic aneurysm due to BCG therapy should be suspected in patients with a history of BCG treatment. Such patients should immediately start antitubercular therapy.

Keywords

• bacillus Calmette-Guérin
• endovascular aneurysm repair
• infectious aortic aneurysm