Evaluation of the Antibacterial and Prebiotic Potential of <i>Ascophyllum nodosum</i> and Its Extracts Using Selected Bacterial Members of the Pig Gastrointestinal Microbiota

Abstract

Ascophyllum nodosum and its extracts are promising antibacterial and prebiotic dietary supplements for pigs. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of the increasing concentrations of: (1) two whole biomass samples of A. nodosum with different harvest seasons, February (ANWB-F) and November (ANWB-N), in a weaned pig faecal batch fermentation assay, and (2) A. nodosum extracts produced using four different extraction conditions of a hydrothermal-assisted extraction methodology (ANE1–4) and conventional extraction methods with water (ANWE) and ethanol (ANEE) as solvent in individual pure culture growth assays using a panel of beneficial and pathogenic bacterial strains. In the batch fermentation assay, ANWB-F reduced Bifidobacterium spp. counts (p Bifidobacterium spp. and Enterobacteriaceae counts (p Salmonella Typhimurium, enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and B. thermophilum counts and the ANE4 that stimulated B. thermophilum growth (p A. nodosum extracts with ANE1 and ANE4 exhibiting distinct antibacterial and prebiotic properties in vitro, respectively, that merit further exploration.

Keywords

• <i>Ascophyllum nodosum</i>
• seaweed polysaccharides
• fucoidan
• antibacterial
• prebiotic
• <i>Bifidobacterium</i>