TRANSFORMATION OF SOILS OF SUBARCTIC ZONE IN TYUMEN REGION AT THE STAGE OF INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE TERRITORY

Abstract

The relevance of the research is related to the need for environmental monitoring of subarctic zone soils change in the Tyumen region at the stage of developing hydrocarbon deposits in modern conditions of transformation of the region into strategic base of Russia. The aim of the research is to evaluate the transformation of physical state and chemical composition of soils in subarctic zone of the Tyumen region under the influence of natural conditions and technogenic stress. Methods: landscape-geochemical and statistical, soil-geochemical studies, methods for determining chemical composition of organic and inorganic pollutants of soils, decoding of space images. Results. It is shown, that under the influence of anthropogenic load, which began in 1972, synlitogenic soils of floodplain are the most resistant to physical transformation and post-lithogenic soils – podzols – are the least resistant. The structure of soils, determined by the features of their formation and transformation should be considered the indicator of physical stability of soils. Podzols are the most susceptible to chemical transformations (on heavy metals), and floodplain soils and organogenic soils are the least susceptible; on organic matter – the soils of floodplains and organogenic soils, respectively. The indicator of chemical stability of soils is their ability to accumulate, move, release and transform inorganic and organic contamination. The area of physically transformed soils of this site at the stage of industrial development of the territory since 1972 has increased from 10,734 km2 (2008) to 11,705 km2 (2012).

Keywords

• subarctic zone
• soils
• technogenesis
• contamination
• stability
• physical transformation
• chemical transformation