Self-efficacy, medical adherence and related factors in patients with diabetes

Abstract

Introduction: The aim of the current study was to determine the self-efficacy and the medical adherence levels of the patients with type 2 diabetes and related factors in primary care.Methods: This was a descriptive study which was conducted in a family health center in Istanbul between February 2020 and May 2020. Information was collected from the patients over the age of 18 with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. A sociodemographic questionnaire form, Self-Efficacy Scale and Morisky Medication Adherence Scale were applied to participants face-to-face. Results: Two hundred and seven patients were included. Mean age of the participants was 59.05±10.74 years. Sixty percent of them were women, 85.0% were over 50 years, 69.9% had an additional disease, about half of them were diagnosed with diabetes for 10 years or more. It was found that individuals with diabetes had a median self-efficacy score of 72(64-79). The self-efficacy scores were higher in patients with normal BMI, those without additional disease and those with high physical activity level (p=0.004, p= 0.038, p=0.002 respectively). The medication adherence level was found medium in 174 (84.1%) of the patients. As the age increased medication adherence also tended to increase, and the adherence of people with normal BMI was higher (p=0.019 and p= 0.026 respectively).Conclusion: The self-efficacy and medical adherence of the diabetic patients participated in the current study were found to be at medium levels. It is understood that steps are needed to improve patients' self-efficacy levels and to increase their compliance with treatment.

Keywords

• type 2 diabetes;
• self-efficacy
• medication compliance
• primary care
• tip 2 diyabet
• öz-etkililik
• ilaç uyumu
• birinci basamak