Cellular and molecular profiles of anterior nervous system regeneration in Diopatra claparedii Grube, 1878 (Annelida, Polychaeta)
Mohd Ulul Ilmie Ahmad Nazri,
Mohd Hafizi Mahmud,
Basri Saidi,
Mohd Noor Mat Isa,
Zolkapli Ehsak,
Othman Ross,
Izwandy Idris,
Wan Iryani Wan Ismail
Affiliations
Mohd Ulul Ilmie Ahmad Nazri
Cell Signalling and Biotechnology Research Group (CeSBTech), Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Biological Security and Sustainability Research Group (BIOSES), Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
Mohd Hafizi Mahmud
Centre of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor, Puncak Alam Campus, 42300, Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
Basri Saidi
Centre of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor, Puncak Alam Campus, 42300, Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
Mohd Noor Mat Isa
Malaysia Genome Institute, Jalan Bangi, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
Zolkapli Ehsak
Imaging Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor, Puncak Alam Campus, 42300, Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
Othman Ross
Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
Izwandy Idris
South China Sea Repository & Reference Centre, Institute of Oceanography & Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
Wan Iryani Wan Ismail
Cell Signalling and Biotechnology Research Group (CeSBTech), Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Biological Security and Sustainability Research Group (BIOSES), Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Corresponding author.
The polychaete Diopatra claparedii Grube, 1878 is among those organisms successfully carrying out full body regeneration, including the whole nervous system. Thus, D. claparedii potentially can be regarded for the nervous system regeneration (NSR) study. However, data on the property of its nervous system and the NSR profile are still lacking. In this study, we investigated the morphology of D. claparedii anterior nervous system (ANS) and examined the cellular and molecular profiles on its early anterior NSR. The nervous system of D. claparedii consists of a symmetry brain with nerves branching off, circumpharyngeal connectives that connect the brain and nerve cord as well as obvious segmental ganglia. Moreover, we identified changes in the cellular condition of the ganglionic cells in the regenerating tissue, such as the accumulation of lysosomes and lipofuscins, elongated mitochondria and multiple nucleoli. Furthermore, mRNA of tissues at two regenerating stages, as well as intact tissue (non-regenerating), were sequenced with Illumina sequencer. We identified from these tissues 37,248 sequences, 18 differential expressed proteins of which upregulated were involved in NSR with noelin-like isoform X2 turned up to be the highest being expressed. Our results highlight the cellular and molecular changes during early phase of NSR, thus providing essential insights on regeneration within Annelida and understanding the neurodegenerative diseases.
