THE SYSTEM OF COLLECTING ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION ON THE STATE OF THE TERRITORIAL TECHNOSPHERE

Abstract

The ecological and economic condition of cities and agricultural lands is decisive for the further development of territories. Global environmental problems associated with the increase in economic damage from natural and man-made disasters, pollution of the air and water environment, and soil affect the interests of the Russian Federation and its citizens. The ecological situation in the Russian Federation is characterized by a high level of anthropogenic impact on the environment and humans, and this is due not only to the consequences of the past economic crisis in our country, but also to the economic conditions applied in industry and agriculture. For the effective functioning of the system of integrated monitoring of the state of the territorial technosphere, it is extremely important to scientifically-based formation of a network of monitoring stations, that is, locations and methods of sensor placement. The article contains a general scheme for collecting and transmitting information on the results of monitoring, in accordance with which groups of fixed and mobile sensors are selected and described. Sensors are used to automatically measure and record the volume and mass of emissions, discharges, and concentrations of pollutants in air, water, and soil. Timely determination of the fact that the maximum permissible values measured by the sensors are exceeded will be able to prevent the development of an emergency situation and preserve the life and health of the population, as well as reduce the economic costs of the subsequent reclamation of the affected areas. Purpose: development of a general scheme for the automatic collection and transmission of environmental information, as part of a comprehensive monitoring system of the territorial technosphere, in real time Method or methodology of the work: the article used mathematical methods, as well as analytical methods of analysis. Results: for the first time, a general scheme for collecting and transmitting information on the results of integrated monitoring of the territorial technosphere, using unmanned aerial vehicles, was developed and described for automatic measurement and recording of the state of the technosphere, which makes it possible to reduce the economic damage caused by the pollution of territories and the cost of their subsequent remediation. The scope of the results: the results obtained (monitoring scheme and principles of its construction) should be used to create a system for monitoring the environmental impact of man-made objects. Moreover, both the enterprises themselves (for the preparation of environmental reporting, environmental monitoring, etc.) and the regional environmental services of the Russian Federation may be interested in these results.

Keywords

• экономика
• техносферная безопасность
• комплексный мониторинг
• экологические службы
• сбор информации
• автоматические измерения