RESPIRATORY EFFECTS OF PROPOFOL-KETAMINE AND PROPOFL-FENTANYL COMBINATIONS FOR TOTAL INTRAVENOUS ANAESTHESIA

Abstract

Background:Propofol combined with other intravenous analgesic agents has been used as the sole anaesthetic agent to provide hypnosis and analgesia for various minor and major surgeries. However, because it lacks analgesic property, propofol in large doses causes respiratory depression. Combination of propofol with other analgesic agents reduces the dose of propofol necessary for procedural sedation. Objectives: This study evaluated the respiratory effects of two drug combinations - propofol-ketamine and propofol-fentanyl used as the sole anaesthetic agents. Method: one hundred and eight adults aged 18 to 50 years of either gender with ASA physical status I and II, randomly grouped into K and F, comprising of 54 patients each. Group K received propofol-ketamine while group F received propofol-fentanyl for induction and maintenance of anaesthesia. Respiratory Rate (RR) and Oxygen saturation (SpO2) were recorded before and one minute after induction of anaesthesia and thereafter every five minutes till the end of procedure and at recovery till the patient is fully recovered. Results: Demographic and clinical characteristics such as age, sex, weight, duration of surgery, types of surgical procedures and volumes of drugs used were comparable between the two groups. Fall in respiratory rate was greater in propofol-fentanyl group compared to propofol-ketamine group during maintenance and early postoperative period (p less than 0.05). Conclusion: Both propofol-ketamine and propofol-fentanyl combinations produced safe and effective anaesthesia. Propofol-ketamine results in a more stable respiratory profile

Keywords

• propofol
• fentanyl
• ketamine
• short surgical procedures