Textile finishing dyes and their impact on aquatic environs
Mohamed Berradi,
Rachid Hsissou,
Mohammed Khudhair,
Mohammed Assouag,
Omar Cherkaoui,
Abderrahim El Bachiri,
Ahmed El Harfi
Affiliations
Mohamed Berradi
Laboratory of Agricultural Resources, Polymers and Process Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ibn Tofaïl University, B.P. 133-14000, Kenitra, Morocco; Corresponding author.
Rachid Hsissou
Laboratory of Agricultural Resources, Polymers and Process Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ibn Tofaïl University, B.P. 133-14000, Kenitra, Morocco; Team of Innovative Materials and Mechanical Manufacturing Process, ENSAM, University Moulay Ismail, B.P. 15290, Al Mansour, Meknes, Morocco; Corresponding author.
Mohammed Khudhair
Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, Amran University, Amran, Yemen
Mohammed Assouag
Team of Innovative Materials and Mechanical Manufacturing Process, ENSAM, University Moulay Ismail, B.P. 15290, Al Mansour, Meknes, Morocco
Omar Cherkaoui
Laboratory REMTEX, High School of Textile and Clothing Industries, Casablanca, Morocco
Abderrahim El Bachiri
Royal Naval School, University Department, Boulevard Sour – Jdid, Casablanca, Morocco
Ahmed El Harfi
Laboratory of Agricultural Resources, Polymers and Process Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ibn Tofaïl University, B.P. 133-14000, Kenitra, Morocco
In the present review, we have been able to describe the different families of dyes and pigments used in textile finishing processes (Yarns, fabrics, nonwovens, knits and rugs) such as dyeing and printing. These dyes are reactive, direct, dispersed, indigo, sulphur and vats. Such that their presence in the liquid effluents resulting from the textile washing constitutes a serious risk, in the absence of their purification, for the quality of receiving aquatic environments. Indeed, the presence of these dyes and pigments can cause a significant alteration in the ecological conditions of the aquatic fauna and flora, because of the lack of their biodegradability. This has a negative impact on the equilibrium of the aquatic environment by causing serious dangers, namely the obvious dangers (Eutrophication, under-oxygenation, color, turbidity and odor), the long-term dangers (Persistence, bioaccumulation of carcinogenic aromatic products and formation of by-products of chlorination), mutagenicity and carcinogenicity.
