Determination of resistance to yellow rust in new breeding mutant lines of spring wheat at adult plant and seedlings stages

Abstract

Stripe (yellow, YR) rust bringing about by fungal pathogen of Puccinia striforms Westend Westend. is a serious wheat disease that poses substantial threats to the global wheat yield. Currently, the appearance of virulent fungus races is overcomed restricted by the studed resistance genes of wheat. Seach and identification of new genetic sources with durable resistance genes can allow efficiently to incorporate these target genes into germplasm pools. To increase spring wheat genetic diversity, on the back phone of parental variety Kazakhstanskay-19 (WT) characterizing by rust resistance through physical mutagenesis bythe various gamma irradiation doses, namely 300-, 350-, and 400 Gy, new M3 mutant lines were created. From these new mutant resources, the 75 genotypes having higher yield-associated parameters such as grains number and weight per main spike comparing the parent variety were selected by phenotyping as the adult plant resistant (APR) under rust infected field trial. To measure resistance of these breeding lines at seedling stage by microscopy through the number of haustorial mother cells formation induced by YR treatment with the isolate of Puccinia striforms “Warrior” as temporary responses was carried out. Almost all of spring wheat mutant lines (93.0%, 70 samples from 75 mutant lines) identified as APR to YR had a strong association with SR which is developed on longer time of infection. The most effective dose of irradiation to generate the genetic variation was 350 Gy with mean of 60.08 (p<0.005) according to Anova analysis.