Blood and Lymphatic Cancer: Targets and Therapy (Sep 2023)
Differential Diagnosis and Therapeutic Advances in Multiple Myeloma: A Review Article
Abstract
Munawwar Hussain,1 Sarvari Yellapragada,2 Samer Al Hadidi1 1Myeloma Center, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA; 2Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center and Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USACorrespondence: Samer Al Hadidi, Myeloma Center, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA, Tel +1 501-526-6990, Fax +1 501-320-7861, Email [email protected]: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematologic malignancy characterized by the abnormal clonal proliferation of plasma cells that may result in focal bone lesions, renal failure, anemia, and/or hypercalcemia. Recently, the diagnosis and treatment of MM have evolved due to a better understanding of disease pathophysiology, improved risk stratification, and new treatments. The incorporation of new drugs, including proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulatory drugs, anti-CD38 antibodies and high-dose chemotherapy followed by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, has resulted in a significant improvement in patient outcomes and QoL. In this review, we summarize differential diagnoses and therapeutic advances in MM.Keywords: multiple myeloma, myeloma, smoldering myeloma, Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia, light-chain amyloidosis
