Вісник Харківського національного університету внутрішніх справ (Oct 2023)
Special criminology measures for preventing unvoluntary leaving a military unit or place of service
Abstract
Voluntary abandonment of a military unit or place of service is a serious problem in the field of military discipline, operational readiness and defense capability of the army. This problem can have a negative impact on the effectiveness of military operations, the security of the country and trust in the representatives of the military management and defense sector. The spread of the specified type of criminal act forces lawyers to investigate the nature of the commission of the crime provided for in Art. 407 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine (hereinafter referred to as the Criminal Code of Ukraine), criminological characteristics, dynamics, the person-criminal, as well as prevention measures, among which it is possible to single out the special criminological orientation, which can be recognized as narrowly directed and designed to effectively solve the tasks. The article is devoted to the study of special criminological measures aimed at preventing cases of voluntary abandonment of military units or places of service by military personnel. In order to strengthen military discipline, reduce the number of deserters and increase the level of defense capability, various strategies and approaches are highlighted, in particular, the importance of psychological training and social adaptation of servicemen to overcome stress and improve their relationships is emphasized. Improving the quality of life and working conditions, as well as opportunities for professional growth, help to encourage military personnel to remain in the service. An important role is also played by strict discipline, control and information work regarding the consequences of committing voluntary abandonment of a military unit or place of service. When studying special criminological measures to prevent involuntary leaving of a military unit or place of service, it is worth noting that the spectrum of measures selected from the criminological catalog is focused on the system of determinants of war crimes in order to reduce their impact or completely eliminate them. The majority of legal scholars consider this criminological tactic to be the most effective in view of its orientation, structure and ultimate goal.
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