Knowledge–attitude–practice and psychological status of college students during the early stage of COVID-19 outbreak in China: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

Objectives This study aimed to investigate the knowledge–attitude–practice (KAP) of Chinese college students regarding COVID-19 and evaluate their psychological status against the background of the COVID-19 outbreak.Design This was a cross-sectional study.Setting This study covered 31 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions of mainland China.Participants The participants, who were college students with ordinary full-time status, were surveyed anonymously on their KAP regarding COVID-19 by using self-made questionnaires. In addition, the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale was used to assess the psychological status of the students.Methods The online cross-sectional study among Chinese college students was conducted in February 2020. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyse the predictors of anxiety symptoms.Primary outcome measures The level of KAP and anxiety symptoms.Results A total of 740 college students from 31 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in China were recruited in the survey. Among them, 139 (18.78%) revealed having anxiety. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that female gender was the risk factor for anxiety symptoms with an increased 2.164-fold risk than male gender (OR=2.164, 95% CI=1.279 to 3.662). The knowledge (OR=0.825, 95% CI=0.779 to 0.873) and attitude (OR=0.822, 95% CI=0.762 to 0.887) regarding COVID-19 were protective factors against anxiety symptoms.Conclusions The level of KAP regarding COVID-19 was significantly negatively correlated with anxiety symptoms. Thus, understanding the level of KAP among college students during the early stages of major public health emergencies, such as a pandemic, is important. Such understanding plays an important role in adopting targeted health education strategies and reducing the psychological damage caused by these emergencies.