VertigO ()
Utilisation des ressources en eaux, assainissement et risques sanitaires dans les quartiers précaires de la commune de Port-Bouët (Abidjan; Côte d’Ivoire)
Abstract
The sanitation, water sources and utilizations, and the health status of the population about malaria (SPP) and diarrhea (SD) have been evaluated in 6 precarious area (Abattoir, Adjouffou, Derrière wharf, Tofiato, Vridi canal et Zimbabwe) at Port-Bouet in Côte d’Ivoire. An overall of 567 concessions were checked and the population were about 9 741. Human excreta in these areas are dumped in self-sanitation systems (septic tank, unsewered public toilets and family latrines) (8-69%), but 3 to 42% of the inhabitant dumped their excreta in the nature. The clustering of these precarious areas upon sanitation gave 2 groups: Derrière wharf, Adjouffou, Zimbabwe, Tofiato and Vridi canal composed the first group and Abattoir the second one. The discrimination of Abattoir from the others precarious area could be explained by the best sanitation of excreta and rainwater. But, domestic water is dumped on the soil surface (73-100%) in all of the precarious area. Only a few portion of the wastewater is dumped in a septic tank (1-22%).The inhabitants have both access to the potable water distributed by SODECI (99%). This water is essentially used for drinking. The second source of water (well water) in the precarious areas is used as supplement for washing, bathing and as dishwater. The clustering of the precarious area upon water utilization gave 2 groups: Derrière wharf, Tofiato, Adjouffou and Vridi canal composed the first group, and the second one is composed by Abattoir and Zimbabwe. The first group uses more well water than the potable one of SODECI, although in the second group, the potable water is essentially used for all of the duties. The health statues of the inhabitants is worrying, as about 64% are ill, with 45% of SPP and 19% of SD. Children ([0-8 age]) are the most concerned, with 70% of illness, composed of 32% of SPP and of 48% SD.
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