Asphyxia of newborns: new ideas about risk factors and pathogenetic mechanisms of the condition

Abstract

Intrauterine hypoxia and asphyxia during childbirth are among the leading causes of neonatal deaths in the structure of «Separate conditions arising in the perinatal period» according to the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. The main causes of asphyxia are chronic intrauterine hypoxia and acute fetal hypoxia (most often in the intrapartum period). The article observes current data on antenatal and intrapartum risk factors for the development of asphyxia in newborns. Risk factors (modifiable and non-modifiable) triggering intrauterine hypoxia are discussed, as well as methods of management and prevention of asphyxia to prevent the subsequent development of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. The importance of the problem under consideration is due to the need to find promising «tools» for managing neonatal and infant mortality, as well as preventing the long-term consequences of hypoxic brain damage.

Keywords

• новорожденные
• асфиксия
• фактор риска
• здоровье беременных