Clinical characteristics and outcomes of critically ill patients with COVID-19 in a tertiary community hospital in upstate New York

Abstract

Background: There are limited reports describing critically ill COVID-19 patients in the state of New York. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 32 adult critically ill patients admitted to a community hospital in upstate New York, between 14 March and 12 April 2020. We collected demographic, laboratory, ventilator and treatment data, which were analyzed and clinical outcomes tabulated. Results: 32 patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) were included, with mean (±SD) follow-up duration 21 ± 7 days. Mean (±SD) age was 62.2 ± 11.2 years, and 62.5% were men. 27 (84.4%) of patients had one or more medical co-morbidities. The mean (±SD) duration of symptoms was 6.6 (±4.4) days before presentation, with cough (81.3%), dyspnea (68.7%), and fever (65.6%) being the most common. 23 (71.9%) patients received invasive mechanical ventilation. 5 (15.6%) died, 11 (34.4%) were discharged home, and 16 (50%) remained hospitalized, 8 (25%) of which were still in ICU. Mean (±SD) length of ICU stay was 10.2 (±7.7) days, and mean (±SD) length of hospital stay was 14.8 (±7.7) days. Conclusion: Majority of patients were of older age and with medical comorbidities. With adequate resource utilization, mortality of critically ill COVID-19 patients may not be as high as previously suggested. Abbreviations: ACE-i: Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB: Angiotensin receptor blocker; ARDS: Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome; BiPAP: Bilevel positive airway pressure; CABG: Coronary artery bypass graft; CFR: Case fatality rate; COVID-19: Coronavirus disease 19; CPAP: Continuous positive airway pressure; CRP: C – Reactive Protein; CT: Computed tomography; DVT: Deep vein thrombosis; ECMO: Extra Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation; ESICM: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; FiO2: Fraction of inspired O2; HFNC: High Flow Nasal Cannula; HITF: Hypoxia-Inducible Transcription Factor; IBM: International Business Machines; ICU: Intensive Care Unit; IL: Interleukin; IMV: Invasive Mechanical Ventilation; IQR: Interquartile Range; ISTH: International Society of Thrombosis Hemostasis; NIV: Non Invasive Ventilation; NY: New York; PAI: Plasminogen activator inhibitor; PaO2: partial pressure of arterial oxygen; PCV: Pressure Control Ventilation; PEEP: Positive End Expiratory Pressure; RGH: Rochester General Hospital; RRH: Rochester Regional Health; RT-PCR: Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; RSV: Respiratory Syncytial virus; SARS-CoV-2: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2; SD: Standard Deviation; STEMI: ST segment elevation myocardial infarction; TNF: Tumor necrosis factor; USA: USA; VTE: Venous thromboembolism

Keywords

• sars-cov-2
• covid-19
• icu
• ventilator
• new york