Segmented linear shape memory polyurethanes with thermoreversible Diels-Alder coupling: Effects of polycaprolactone molecular weight and diisocyanate type

Abstract

Segmented linear polyurethanes (PUs) containing Diels-Alder (DA) adduct were synthesized in toluene solution from poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL, Mn = 10, 25 and 50 kg/mol), diisocyanate (methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI), 2,4-toluene diisocyanate (TDI), 1,6-hexamethylenediisocyanate, (HDI)), furfurylamine (FA) and bismaleimide (BMI). The order of the segments in the PUs was -PCL-MDI-FA-BMI-. The PUs were characterized by size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), different spectroscopic (1H-NMR, attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared, AT-FTIR), thermal and mechanical analysis (differential scanning calorimetry, DSC, dynamical mechanical analysis, DMA). The DA and retro-DA reactions were identified by 1H-NMR for both the synthesized PU and the coupling components (i.e. FA and BMI). Tensile mechanical and shape memory (SM) properties of the PUs were also determined. The DA coupling in the PU was improved by heat treatment above the melting temperature (Tm) of PCL. DMA traces showed a plateau-like region above Tm of PCL confirming the presence of a physical network the netpoints of which are given by the hard segments including the DA couplers. This feature suggested good SM behavior that was confirmed both qualitatively and quantitatively.

Keywords

• Smart polymers
• polyurethanes
• Diels-Alder adduct
• mechanical properties
• thermal properties