Risk factors for lumbar disc degeneration: A comprehensive analysis using disc signal intensity index (DSI2)

• K. Tsuchiya,
• I. Okano,
• A.E. Guven,
• P. Köhli,
• G. Evangelisti,
• J. Hambrecht,
• E. Chiapparelli,
• M. Burkhard,
• Y. Dodo,
• J. Shue,
• F.P. Girardi,
• F.P. Cammisa,
• A.A. Sama,
• A.P. Hughes

Affiliations

K. Tsuchiya

Spine Care Institute, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, United States of America; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Showa University Hospital, Shinagawa City, Japan

I. Okano

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Showa University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan

A.E. Guven

Spine Care Institute, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, United States of America; Orthopedic department, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany

P. Köhli

Spine Surgery, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy; Spine Care Institute, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, United States of America

G. Evangelisti

Spine Care Institute, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, United States of America

J. Hambrecht

Spine Care Institute, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, United States of America

E. Chiapparelli

Spine Care Institute, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, United States of America

M. Burkhard

Spine Care Institute, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, United States of America

Y. Dodo

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Showa University Hospital, Shinagawa City, Japan

J. Shue

Spine Care Institute, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, United States of America

F.P. Girardi

Spine Care Institute, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, United States of America

F.P. Cammisa

Spine Care Institute, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, United States of America

A.A. Sama

Spine Care Institute, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, United States of America

A.P. Hughes

Spine Care Institute, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, United States of America