Histological characteristics of dental pulp in teeth with periodontal problems and healthy teeth

Abstract

Background. Chronic periodontitis is the most common type of periodontitis, which is associated with calculus and plaque accumulation. Several studies have indicated that uncured periodontitis can affect the dental pulp. However, this relationship is controversial. This study aimed to compare histopathological results obtained from the dental pulp in teeth with periodontal problems and healthy teeth. Methods. In this study, 23 teeth with periodontal problems and 23 healthy teeth were extracted. After cutting off 2 mm from the root apex, the teeth were sectioned into apical, middle, and coronal thirds. Then, the specimens were evaluated in both groups based on histopathological features. Results. According to the evaluations, in the middle third, the amount of inflammation was only statistically significant in the group that consisted of teeth with periodontal problems (P=0.014). There was no significant difference in fibrosis and blood vessel diameter between the two groups. Necrosis in the middle (P=0.002) and coronal thirds (P=0.004) of teeth with periodontal problems was more than the healthy teeth. The lack of odontoblastic integrity in all the sections of teeth with periodontal problems was more than that in healthy teeth (P=0.0001). Conclusion. Inflammation of the periodontium in chronic periodontitis can lead to histological changes in the pulp, including an increase in inflammation, necrosis, and loss of odontoblastic integrity.

Keywords

• chronic periodontitis
• dental pulp
• histopathology