Hoven’s carp Leptobarbus hoevenii strategized metabolism needs to cope with changing environment
Suhaini Mohamad,
Sharifah Rahmah,
Rabiatul Adawiyyah Zainuddin,
Yusnita A Thallib,
Ros Suhaida Razali,
Mohamad Jalilah,
Mazlan Abd Ghaffar,
Leong-Seng Lim,
Yu Mei Chang,
Li Qun Liang,
Simon Kumar Das,
Young-Mao Chen,
Hon Jung Liew
Affiliations
Suhaini Mohamad
Higher Institution Center of Excellence (HICOE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia
Sharifah Rahmah
Higher Institution Center of Excellence (HICOE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia; Faculty of Fisheries and Food Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia
Rabiatul Adawiyyah Zainuddin
Higher Institution Center of Excellence (HICOE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia
Yusnita A Thallib
Higher Institution Center of Excellence (HICOE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia
Ros Suhaida Razali
Higher Institution Center of Excellence (HICOE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia
Mohamad Jalilah
Higher Institution Center of Excellence (HICOE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia
Mazlan Abd Ghaffar
Higher Institution Center of Excellence (HICOE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia; Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia; Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia
Leong-Seng Lim
Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
Yu Mei Chang
Heilongjiang Province's Key Laboratory of Fish Stress Resistance Breeding and Germplasm Characteristics on Special Habitats, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Harbin, China
Li Qun Liang
Heilongjiang Province's Key Laboratory of Fish Stress Resistance Breeding and Germplasm Characteristics on Special Habitats, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Harbin, China
Simon Kumar Das
Department of Earth Sciences and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, National University of Malaysia, 43600, UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia; Marine Ecosystem Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, National University of Malaysia, 43600, UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
Young-Mao Chen
Marine Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan; Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan; Corresponding author. Marine Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan.
Hon Jung Liew
Higher Institution Center of Excellence (HICOE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia; Faculty of Fisheries and Food Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia; Heilongjiang Province's Key Laboratory of Fish Stress Resistance Breeding and Germplasm Characteristics on Special Habitats, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Harbin, China; Corresponding author. Higher Institution Center of Excellence (HICOE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia.
Current water warming and freshwater acidification undoubtedly affect the life of aquatic animals especially ammonotelic teleost by altering their physiological responses. The effect of temperature (28 °C vs 32 °C) and pH (7 vs. 5) on the metabolic compromising strategies of Hoven's carp (Leptobarbus hoevenii) was investigated in this study. Fishes were conditioned to (i) 28 °C + pH 7 (N28°C); (ii) 32 °C + pH 7 (N32°C); (iii) 28 °C + pH 5 (L28°C) and (iv) 32 °C + pH 5 (L32°C) for 20 days followed by osmorespiration assay. Results showed that feeding performance of Hoven's carp was significantly depressed when exposed to low pH conditions (L28°C and L32°C). However, by exposed Hoven's carp to L32°C induced high metabolic oxygen intake and ammonia excretion to about 2x-folds higher compared to the control group. As for energy mobilization, Hoven's carp mobilized liver and muscle protein under L28°C condition. Whereas under high temperature in both pH, Hoven's carp had the tendency to reserve energy in both of liver and muscle. The findings of this study revealed that Hoven's carp is sensitive to lower water pH and high temperature, thereby they remodeled their physiological needs to cope with the environmental changes condition.
