The Astronomical Journal (Jan 2024)
Discovery of 118 New Ultracool Dwarf Candidates Using Machine-learning Techniques
- Hunter Brooks,
- Dan Caselden,
- J. Davy Kirkpatrick,
- Yadukrishna Raghu,
- Charles A. Elachi,
- Jake Grigorian,
- Asa Trek,
- Andrew Washburn,
- Hiro Higashimura,
- Aaron M. Meisner,
- Adam C. Schneider,
- Jacqueline K. Faherty,
- Federico Marocco,
- Christopher R. Gelino,
- Jonathan Gagné,
- Thomas P. Bickle,
- Shih-Yun Tang,
- Austin Rothermich,
- Adam J. Burgasser,
- Marc J. Kuchner,
- Paul Beaulieu,
- John Bell,
- Guillaume Colin,
- Giovanni Colombo,
- Alexandru Dereveanco,
- Deiby Pozo Flores,
- Konstantin Glebov,
- Leopold Gramaize,
- Les Hamlet,
- Ken Hinckley,
- Martin Kabatnik,
- Frank Kiwy,
- David W. Martin,
- Raúl F. Palma Méndez,
- Billy Pendrill,
- Lizzeth Ruiz,
- John Sanchez,
- Arttu Sainio,
- Jörg Schümann,
- Manfred Schonau,
- Christopher Tanner,
- Nikolaj Stevnbak,
- Andres Stenner,
- Melina Thévenot,
- Vinod Thakur,
- Nikita V. Voloshin,
- Zbigniew Wȩdracki,
- The Backyard Worlds: Planet 9 Collaboration
Affiliations
- Hunter Brooks
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy and Planetary Science, Northern Arizona University , Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA; NSF National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory , 950 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
- Dan Caselden
- ORCiD
- Department of Astrophysics , American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, NY 10024, USA
- J. Davy Kirkpatrick
- ORCiD
- IPAC , Mail Code 100-22, Caltech, 1200 E. California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Yadukrishna Raghu
- ORCiD
- Backyard Worlds: Planet 9
- Charles A. Elachi
- Seaver College, Pepperdine University , Malibu, CA 90263, USA
- Jake Grigorian
- ORCiD
- University of Southern California, University Park Campus , Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
- Asa Trek
- ORCiD
- Backyard Worlds: Planet 9
- Andrew Washburn
- ORCiD
- Backyard Worlds: Planet 9
- Hiro Higashimura
- ORCiD
- Earl of March Intermediate School , 4 The Pkwy, Kanata, ON K2K 1Y4, Canada
- Aaron M. Meisner
- ORCiD
- NSF National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory , 950 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
- Adam C. Schneider
- ORCiD
- United States Naval Observatory , Flagstaff Station, 10391 West Naval Observatory Road, Flagstaff, AZ 86005, USA
- Jacqueline K. Faherty
- ORCiD
- Department of Astrophysics , American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, NY 10024, USA
- Federico Marocco
- ORCiD
- IPAC , Mail Code 100-22, Caltech, 1200 E. California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Christopher R. Gelino
- ORCiD
- IPAC , Mail Code 100-22, Caltech, 1200 E. California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Jonathan Gagné
- ORCiD
- Planétarium de Montrál , Espace pour la Vie, 4801 av. Pierre-de Coubertin, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Trottier Institute for Research on Exoplanets, Université de Montréal , Département de Physique, C.P. 6128 Succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
- Thomas P. Bickle
- ORCiD
- Backyard Worlds: Planet 9; School of Physical Sciences, The Open University , Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, UK
- Shih-Yun Tang
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, USA; Lowell Observatory , 1400 West Mars Hill Road, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA
- Austin Rothermich
- ORCiD
- Department of Astrophysics , American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, NY 10024, USA; Backyard Worlds: Planet 9; Department of Physics, Graduate Center, City University of New York , 365 5th Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hunter College, City University of New York , 695 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Adam J. Burgasser
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics , UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Marc J. Kuchner
- ORCiD
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , Exoplanets and Stellar Astrophysics Laboratory, Code 667, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Paul Beaulieu
- Backyard Worlds: Planet 9
- John Bell
- Backyard Worlds: Planet 9
- Guillaume Colin
- ORCiD
- Backyard Worlds: Planet 9
- Giovanni Colombo
- ORCiD
- Backyard Worlds: Planet 9
- Alexandru Dereveanco
- Backyard Worlds: Planet 9
- Deiby Pozo Flores
- Backyard Worlds: Planet 9
- Konstantin Glebov
- Backyard Worlds: Planet 9
- Leopold Gramaize
- ORCiD
- Backyard Worlds: Planet 9
- Les Hamlet
- ORCiD
- Backyard Worlds: Planet 9
- Ken Hinckley
- ORCiD
- Backyard Worlds: Planet 9
- Martin Kabatnik
- ORCiD
- Backyard Worlds: Planet 9
- Frank Kiwy
- ORCiD
- Backyard Worlds: Planet 9
- David W. Martin
- Backyard Worlds: Planet 9
- Raúl F. Palma Méndez
- Backyard Worlds: Planet 9
- Billy Pendrill
- Backyard Worlds: Planet 9
- Lizzeth Ruiz
- Backyard Worlds: Planet 9
- John Sanchez
- Backyard Worlds: Planet 9
- Arttu Sainio
- ORCiD
- Backyard Worlds: Planet 9
- Jörg Schümann
- ORCiD
- Backyard Worlds: Planet 9
- Manfred Schonau
- Backyard Worlds: Planet 9
- Christopher Tanner
- Backyard Worlds: Planet 9
- Nikolaj Stevnbak
- ORCiD
- Backyard Worlds: Planet 9
- Andres Stenner
- Backyard Worlds: Planet 9
- Melina Thévenot
- ORCiD
- Backyard Worlds: Planet 9
- Vinod Thakur
- Backyard Worlds: Planet 9
- Nikita V. Voloshin
- Backyard Worlds: Planet 9
- Zbigniew Wȩdracki
- Backyard Worlds: Planet 9
- The Backyard Worlds: Planet 9 Collaboration
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad77d2
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 168,
no. 5
p. 211
Abstract
We present the discovery of 118 new ultracool dwarf candidates, discovered using a new machine-learning tool, named SMDET , applied to time-series images from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer. We gathered photometric and astrometric data to estimate each candidate’s spectral type, distance, and tangential velocity. This sample has a photometrically estimated spectral class distribution of 28 M dwarfs, 64 L dwarfs, and 18 T dwarfs. We also identify a T-subdwarf candidate, two extreme T-subdwarf candidates, and two candidate young ultracool dwarfs. Five objects did not have enough photometric data for any estimations to be made. To validate our estimated spectral types, spectra were collected for two objects, yielding confirmed spectral types of T5 (estimated T5) and T3 (estimated T4). Demonstrating the effectiveness of machine-learning tools as a new large-scale discovery technique.
Keywords
