Microwave-assisted Multi-component Reaction for the Green Synthesis of Novel 4-(5-hydroxybenzo[a]phenazin-6-yl)-5-phenyl-1, 3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one Using H3PW12O40@nano-TiO2 as Recyclable Catalyst

Abstract

In this context, we have demonstrated a highly efficient and green process for the preparation of various potentially biologically active functionalized 4-(5-hydroxybenzo[a]phenazin-6-yl)-5-phenyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one derivatives via a one-pot, the four-component cyclo-condensation reaction in the presence of catalytic amounts of phosphotungstic acid supported on TiO2 as a nontoxic, highly reactive, and eco-friendly solid acid catalyst under MWI in solvent-free conditions. The crystallinity and the crystallite size nano-TiO2 were fabricated and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). We believe that this work can provide new insights into the fabrication of high-performance photocatalysts and facilitate their practical application in environmental issues.

Keywords

• multi-component
• green synthesis
• microwave irradiations
• recyclable catalyst
• H3PW12O40@nano-TiO2