The Efficacy of Water Treaties in the Eastern Nile Basin

Abstract

This paper attempts to analyse the efficacy of the water treaties of the Nile in light of the principles of international law. The following critical examination of the treaties brings to light numerous legal defects associated with fraud, coercion, exclusivity and the deficiency of many of the precepts of the international law. Moreover, the lower riparian states’ advocacy for the succession of colonial treaties, which is branded as the re-affirmation of colonialism, is found to be incompatible with the principles of the clean-slate theory adopted by the upper riparian states. Therefore, the region lacks an efficacious regime that could address the interests of all riparian states.

Keywords

• law
• transnational waters, water conflicts, decolonization, international law, international treaties
• 330, 340, 341, 960
• Ethiopia, Sudan, Egypt, Nile Basin
• 1890-2013