Virology Journal (Sep 2023)

Clinical characteristics of abruptly increased paediatric patients with Omicron BF.7 or BA.5.2 in Beijing

  • Lei Yu,
  • Congying Wang,
  • Xiaoyun Li,
  • Xinning Wang,
  • Yingying Kang,
  • Xiaomei Ma,
  • Rui Sun,
  • Yu Sun,
  • Runan Zhu,
  • Liping Jia,
  • Yao Yao,
  • Xiaohui Li,
  • Daitao Zhang,
  • Yang Pan,
  • Bing Lv,
  • Jing Yuan,
  • Linqing Zhao,
  • Qinglong Gu,
  • Jian Zhang

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-023-02177-x
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 20, no. 1
pp. 1 – 11

Abstract

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Abstract Background The coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak has hit Beijing since mid-Nov, 2022, with soaring growth of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) among children. Therefore, it is vital to determine the clinical manifestations of epidemic SARS-CoV-2 strains in paediatric patients. Methods In this study, nucleic acid tests (NATs) for SARS-CoV-2 were performed in paediatric outpatients with symptoms of acute respiratory tract infection during 18 Nov–6 Dec, 2022. Half of the outpatients positive for SARS-CoV-2 were randomly selected to screen for other respiratory pathogens, whereas those with low cycle threshold values in SARS-CoV-2 NATs were amplified and sequenced to determine the SARS-CoV-2 variants. Finally, children positive for SARS-CoV-2 with clinical information in detail were enrolled in a follow-up study to identify potential factors significantly associated with long recovery. Results Among 9625 paediatric outpatients tested for nucleic acid of SARS-CoV-2, 733 (7.62%, 733/9625) were identified as SARS-CoV-2 NAT positive, with only three (0.82%, 3/366) co-infected with other pathogens among 366 randomly selected patients, and 71 (62.83%) determined as Omicron subvariant BF.7 and 42 (37.22%) as BA.5.2 among 113 successfully sequenced. Among the 681 patients with complete clinical information, fever was the most common symptom (96.8%). In a follow-up study of 592 patients, 46.96% became asymptomatic on the third day and 65.71% on the fifth day. Only 1.7% of infected children experienced febrile seizures. Combined with abnormal C-reactive protein, a higher percentage of antibiotics administration was observed. More co-living members and longer duration of first symptoms served as independent risk factors for long-term recovery, especially in children vaccinated for SARS-CoV-2. Conclusions BF.7 and BA.5.2 were the dominate Omicron subvariants and caused milder infections during the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in Beijing. The number of co-living members and duration of first symptoms were independent risk factors for long-term recovery.

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