In vivo antidiarrheal activity of the crude extract and solvent fractions of Rhamnus prinoides (Rhamnaceae) leaves
Teklie Mengie Ayele,
Endeshaw Chekol Abebe,
Zelalem Tilahun Muche,
Melaku Mekonnen Agidew,
Yohannes Shumet Yimer,
Getu Tesfaw Addis,
Nega Dagnaw Baye,
Achenef Bogale Kassie,
Muluken Adela Alemu,
Tesfagegn Gobezie Yiblet,
Gebrehiwot Ayalew Tiruneh,
Samuel Berihun Dagnew,
Tilaye Arega Moges,
Tesfaye Yimer Tadesse,
Amien Ewnetei Zelalem
Affiliations
Teklie Mengie Ayele
Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia; Corresponding author. P.O.Box:272, 6300, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.
Endeshaw Chekol Abebe
Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
Zelalem Tilahun Muche
Department of Medical Physiology, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
Melaku Mekonnen Agidew
Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
Yohannes Shumet Yimer
Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
Getu Tesfaw Addis
Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
Nega Dagnaw Baye
Department of Human Anatomy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
Achenef Bogale Kassie
Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
Muluken Adela Alemu
Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
Tesfagegn Gobezie Yiblet
Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
Gebrehiwot Ayalew Tiruneh
Department of Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
Samuel Berihun Dagnew
Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
Tilaye Arega Moges
Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
Tesfaye Yimer Tadesse
Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
Amien Ewnetei Zelalem
Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
Background: Even though numerous conventional anti-diarrheal agents are available, the inherent toxicities of the drugs urge the search for alternative drugs that are safe and effective. Objective: To evaluate the in-vivo anti-diarrheal activity of crude extract and solvent fractions of Rhamnus prinoides leaves. Materials and methods: The Rhamnus prinoides leaves were macerated using absolute methanol and then fractionated using solvents of different polarity indexes. For in-vivo antidiarrheal activity evaluation of the crude extract and solvent fraction, castor oil-induced diarrhea, castor oil-induced anti-enteropolling, and intestinal transit models were used. One-way analysis of variance was used to analyze the data, followed by a Tukey post-test. The standard and negative control groups were treated with loperamide and 2% tween 80 respectively. Results: A significant (p˂0.01) reduction in the frequency of wet stools and watery content of diarrhea, intestinal motility, intestinal fluid accumulation, and delaying the onset of diarrhea as compared with controls were observed in mice treated with 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg methanol crude extract. However the effect increased dose-dependently, and the 400 mg/kg methanol crude extract produced a comparable effect with the standard drug in all models. Amongst the solvent fractions, n-BF significantly delayed the time of diarrheal onset and reduced the frequency of defecation, and intestinal motility at doses of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg. Furthermore, the maximum percentage inhibition of intestinal fluid accumulation was observed in mice treated with 400 mg/kg n-butanol extract (p˂0.01; 61.05%). Conclusions: The results of this study showed that crude extract and solvent fractions of Rhamnus prinoides leaves showed a significant anti-diarrheal activity which supports its traditional use as a diarrhea treatment.
