Российский психологический журнал (Jun 2022)
Affordances as part of the process of object identification in visual search
Abstract
Introduction. The study is aimed at studying the role of affordances in the representation of an object and the influence of motor programs on the process of visual search within the framework of the skipping search continuation paradigm (SPPP). A hypothesis was put forward about the occurrence of the effect of compatibility/congruence in the process of searching for real objects among distractors by running motor programs. Methods. The study involved 60 people from 18 to 30 years old, with normal or corrected vision, without disorders of the musculoskeletal system. The subjects had to search for target stimuli among the distractors, simultaneously performing a movement with a non-dominant hand, which could be congruent, not congruent, partially congruent to the target given by the word. Results. As a result of data analysis, there were no significant differences in accuracy and reaction time depending on the congruence of movement towards the search object in both groups. However, the effect of PPPP was observed in all groups, regardless of the congruence of movement towards the object. Discussion of the results. Since previous studies used the task of naming or categorization rather than visual search, a possible explanation for the results may be the following factors: the movement was performed by a non-dominant hand, the target stimulus was given by a word, irrelevant programs were launched, it was impossible to form an affordance situation due to the perception of objects with different from the target motor programs. Conclusion _ The study outlines the boundary of the position on the inclusion of functional knowledge in the representation of an object and the influence of the compatibility effect on the process of visual search. The launch of motor programs does not necessarily lead to a significant impact on the process of finding the target stimulus among distractors - there is a compatibility effect. Achieving a state of affordance is probably the key factor for the emergence of such an influence.
Keywords
