Nature Communications (Jan 2024)
Dermatologist-like explainable AI enhances trust and confidence in diagnosing melanoma
- Tirtha Chanda,
- Katja Hauser,
- Sarah Hobelsberger,
- Tabea-Clara Bucher,
- Carina Nogueira Garcia,
- Christoph Wies,
- Harald Kittler,
- Philipp Tschandl,
- Cristian Navarrete-Dechent,
- Sebastian Podlipnik,
- Emmanouil Chousakos,
- Iva Crnaric,
- Jovana Majstorovic,
- Linda Alhajwan,
- Tanya Foreman,
- Sandra Peternel,
- Sergei Sarap,
- İrem Özdemir,
- Raymond L. Barnhill,
- Mar Llamas-Velasco,
- Gabriela Poch,
- Sören Korsing,
- Wiebke Sondermann,
- Frank Friedrich Gellrich,
- Markus V. Heppt,
- Michael Erdmann,
- Sebastian Haferkamp,
- Konstantin Drexler,
- Matthias Goebeler,
- Bastian Schilling,
- Jochen S. Utikal,
- Kamran Ghoreschi,
- Stefan Fröhling,
- Eva Krieghoff-Henning,
- Reader Study Consortium,
- Titus J. Brinker
Affiliations
- Tirtha Chanda
- Digital Biomarkers for Oncology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)
- Katja Hauser
- Digital Biomarkers for Oncology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)
- Sarah Hobelsberger
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Technical University Dresden
- Tabea-Clara Bucher
- Digital Biomarkers for Oncology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)
- Carina Nogueira Garcia
- Digital Biomarkers for Oncology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)
- Christoph Wies
- Digital Biomarkers for Oncology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)
- Harald Kittler
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna
- Philipp Tschandl
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna
- Cristian Navarrete-Dechent
- Department of Dermatology, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
- Sebastian Podlipnik
- Dermatology Department, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS
- Emmanouil Chousakos
- 1st Department of Pathology, Medical School, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens
- Iva Crnaric
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center
- Jovana Majstorovic
- Derma Style, Dermatovenerology clinic
- Linda Alhajwan
- Department of Dermatology, Dubai London Clinic
- Tanya Foreman
- West Dermatology, Newport Beach
- Sandra Peternel
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka
- Sergei Sarap
- LaserMed
- İrem Özdemir
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University
- Raymond L. Barnhill
- Department of Translational Research, Institut Curie, Unit of Formation and Research of Medicine University of Paris
- Mar Llamas-Velasco
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
- Gabriela Poch
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology
- Sören Korsing
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen
- Wiebke Sondermann
- Department of Dermatology, Uniklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
- Frank Friedrich Gellrich
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Technical University Dresden
- Markus V. Heppt
- Department of Dermatology, Uniklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
- Michael Erdmann
- Department of Dermatology, Uniklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
- Sebastian Haferkamp
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Regensburg
- Konstantin Drexler
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Regensburg
- Matthias Goebeler
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Würzburg
- Bastian Schilling
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Würzburg
- Jochen S. Utikal
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karl University of Heidelberg
- Kamran Ghoreschi
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology
- Stefan Fröhling
- Division of Translational Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)
- Eva Krieghoff-Henning
- Digital Biomarkers for Oncology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)
- Reader Study Consortium
- Titus J. Brinker
- Digital Biomarkers for Oncology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-43095-4
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 15,
no. 1
pp. 1 – 17
Abstract
Abstract Artificial intelligence (AI) systems have been shown to help dermatologists diagnose melanoma more accurately, however they lack transparency, hindering user acceptance. Explainable AI (XAI) methods can help to increase transparency, yet often lack precise, domain-specific explanations. Moreover, the impact of XAI methods on dermatologists’ decisions has not yet been evaluated. Building upon previous research, we introduce an XAI system that provides precise and domain-specific explanations alongside its differential diagnoses of melanomas and nevi. Through a three-phase study, we assess its impact on dermatologists’ diagnostic accuracy, diagnostic confidence, and trust in the XAI-support. Our results show strong alignment between XAI and dermatologist explanations. We also show that dermatologists’ confidence in their diagnoses, and their trust in the support system significantly increase with XAI compared to conventional AI. This study highlights dermatologists’ willingness to adopt such XAI systems, promoting future use in the clinic.
