Structural and Metabolic Profiling of <i>Lycopersicon esculentum</i> Rhizosphere Microbiota Artificially Exposed at Commonly Used Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs

Abstract

In this study, the effect of common non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on Lycopersicon esculentum rhizosphere microbiota was monitored. The experiments were performed with artificially contaminated soil with ibuprofen (0.5 mg·kg−1), ketoprofen (0.2 mg·kg−1) and diclofenac (0.7 mg·kg−1). The results evidenced that the rhizosphere microbiota abundance decreased especially under exposure to diclofenac (187–201 nmol·g−1 dry weight soil) and ibuprofen (166–183 nmol·g−1 dry weight soil) if compared with control (185–240 nmol·g−1 dry weight soil), while the fungal/bacteria ratio changed significantly with exposure to diclofenac (25%) and lower in the case of diclofenac (75%), but their percentage changed with exposure to diclofenac, ketoprofen and ibuprofen. Such changes in abundance, structure and the metabolic activity of Lycopersicon esculentum rhizosphere microbiota under exposure to common non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs suggest that there is a probability to also change the ecosystem services provided by rhizosphere microbiota.

Keywords

• microorganisms
• pharmaceuticals
• exposure
• functioning