A design of Microstrip Patch Antenna using hybrid fractal slot for wideband applications

Abstract

The paper presents a design of Microstrip Patch Antenna (MPA) using hybrid fractal slot (Koch-Minkowski and Koch-Koch) along with partial ground plane for wideband applications. The length of partial ground plane is varied to optimize the bandwidth and gain of antenna. It has been observed that the ground plane length 8 mm exhibits best result in terms of bandwidth and gain. The MPA with Koch-Minkowski slot depicts 2260 MHz bandwidth, 6.1 dB gain and two resonant frequencies 2.47 GHz and 8.92 GHz whereas with Koch-Koch slot it reports 2440 GHz bandwidth, 5.62 dB gain, and resonant frequencies 2.77 GHz and 8.62 GHz. The proposed antennas are fabricated and measured bandwidth for Koch-Minkowski slot is 3326 MHz and for the Koch-Koch slot is 3237 MHz. The simulated results of proposed antennas are compared with measured results and observed the reasonable agreement with each other. Keywords: Microstrip Patch Antenna (MPA), Hybrid fractal slot, Koch-Minkowski slot, Koch-Koch slot, HFSS