Angiographic Anatomy of the Upper and Lower Extremities

Abstract

Abstract This interactive tutorial serves as an introduction to normal vascular anatomy of the extremities for preclinical medical students. It is composed of high-quality digital subtraction angiography and surface-rendered CT images containing comprehensive labeling of blood vessels. Image resolution exceeds that found in many more conventional learning resources such as textbooks, dissectors, and atlases. Images were digitized and converted into Macromedia Flash to stimulate self-directed learning by integrating introductory angiography into a structured format that is readily accessible for local and distance learning. Active learning was achieved by providing learners with opportunities for repetition and self-assessment through immediate feedback and quizzes on labeled structures. The tutorial is best used in conjunction with radiology/anatomy lectures and labs to reinforce the didactic and practical (dissection) experiences for learners enrolled in human anatomy courses. Convenient access also is available to learners reviewing for clinical certification and licensure examinations or to patients conferring with practitioners about their own vascular disorders. In 2007 to 2010, learners scored between 63rd to 77th percentiles on the gross anatomy subject examination. These scores are significantly higher than those recorded prior to implementation of instructional technology into the curriculum in beginning in 2001.

Keywords

• Clinical Competence
• Angiography
• Instruction
• Computer-Assisted